Sylvania



(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 1. J. F. DITTMAN, Decd. C. M. & H. DITTMAN, Administrators.

ROCK DRILL.

No. 417,004. Patented Dec. 10, 1889.

-H HQ Mireases.

N. PEI'ERS. muwum m m. Washington D. c.

(No Model.) S-Sheets-Sheet 3. J. F. DITTMAN, Deod. C M & H DITTMAN Admlnlstrators ROCK DRILL.

No. 417,004; Patented Dec. 10 1889.

FITUFI- 3% UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OATHARINE MARIA DITTHAN AND HENRY DITTMAN, OF PITTSBURG, PENN- SYLVANIA, ADMINISTRATORS OF JOSEPH F. DITTMAN, DECEASED.

ROCK-DRILL. s

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 417,004, dated December 10, 1889.,

Application filed August 9, 1889- Serial No. 320,302. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that JOSEPH F. DITTMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania,invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Rock-Drills, of which the following is a description.

This invention relates to improvements in that class of rock-drills which employ a re ciprocating drill-rod that is adapted to be rotated a limited distance at each reciprocating movement thereof; and the object of this invention is to improve the mechanisms for imparting such reciprocating and axial move- I 5 ments to the drill-rod, as well as to provide means for readily throwing the machine out of gear to enable it to be returned to its normal position for drilling another aperture into the rock, to provide means for adjusting the drill-rod longitudinally within the cont-rivance by which it is carried, to enable said drill-rod to be adjusted for cutting holes of different depths, and to provide improved means for giving to the drill-rod a powerful downward stroke.

\Vith these primary ends in view and such others as pertain to this invention, an upright supporting-column is provided, which is adjustably mounted on a suitable base, and

0 on said column is supported a traveling or movable frame which carries the reciprocating drill-rod and the various operating mechanisms of the machine. This carrying-frame is mounted on the upright supporting-column so as to move longitudinally thereon, and it is adapted to be fed or moved a limited distance at each downward stroke of the drillrod by feed mechanism which is controlled and operated by the drill rod. This feed mechanism consists, essentially, of an endless feed-screw which is axially journaled in the lower end of the adjustable carrying-frame and is geared to a rack on the upright supporting-column, the upper extremity of said 5 screw having a ratchct wheel fixed thereto.

With this ratchet-wheel engages a springpressed feeding-pawl, which is pivoted on and carried by an endwise-movable horizontal bar or rod supported in aligned hearings on the main frame, and this bar or rod has one end thereof normally projected or forced-as, for

instance, by a spring-into the path of atrip device, which is carried by the vertically-reciprocating drill-rod,whereby when the drillrod and the trip carried thereby descends the 5 5 trip impinges against the endwise-movable horizontal bar and forces the latter rearward a limited distance, which movement of the bar operates the feeding-pawl carried by the bar to turn or rotate the ratchet-wheel and the endless screw a sufficient distance to lower the main frame on the upright supporting-column. After the trip passes the bar and the latter is released therefrom the bar is automatically returned to its normal position and the feedingpawl engages the succeeding tooth of the ratchet-wheel, so that the parts are in condition for operation on the following downstroke of the drill-rod. When the carrying-frame has been lowered 7c the desired distance or to the lower limit of the rack, the feed-screw can be disengaged from the'rack toenable the carrying-frame to be elevated manually on the supporting-column, which disengagement is accomplished by the following mechanism: The shank or end of the feedscrew is fitted in an eccentricsleeve that is journaled in the carrying frame, and on its lower face or end said sleeve carries a horizontal arm, which in turn has a vertically movable locking handle at its outer end, said handle being controlled by a coiled spring which normally forces one end thereof into a slot or aperture on the main frame, so as to lock said handle, the horizontal arm in which it is supported, and the ec' centric sleeve in place. To disengage the feed-screw from the rack on the supportingcolumn, the handle is drawn down against the tension of the spring to withdraw its upper end from the slot or aperture, and the handle and arm are turned away from the carrying-frame, which movementof the arm turns the eccentric-sleeve axially and throws the feed-screw laterally from the rack on the supportingupright column, thus disengaging the screw from the rack and permitting the carrying-frame to be readily elevated on the supporting-column. The drill-rod is carried by and arranged longitudinally within aver- 10o tical tubular mandrel, and this mandrel is supported and guided in suitable hearings or guides on the main carrying-frame. The mandrel is provided at intermediate points of its length with two collars, which are spaced a suitable distance apart to receive between themselves a cross-head, which is confined against endwise play on said mandrel by the collars thereon. This cross-head is fitted loosely on the mandrel, so that the latter can turn or rotate axially therein, and the cross- IO head moves with or partakes of the longitudinal reciprocating motion of the mandrel and drill-rod, the cross-head being confined against axial rotation or movement with the mandrel and drill-rod because it engages with [5 'and slides in vertical guides 011 the carryingframe. To the reciprocating cross head, which moves longitudinally with the mandrel and the drill-rod,is secured or fixed the lower extremity of a vertical rod or bar which is arranged parallel with and laterally of the mandrel, the upper end of said rod or bar being guided in a fixed guide on the carrying-frame, and this vertical bar or rod, which moves with the cross-head and the mandrel,

z 5 carries two friction-rollers, which are spaced a short distance from each other, and against which rollers act lifters or arms. These lifters or arms are arranged one below the other and are carried by a short driving-shaft that 0 'is suitably journaled in the carrying-frame,

the driving-shaft also carrying a balance or fly wheel and a gear, which gear meshes with another gear on a power-shaft having a crank adapted to be rotated by hand to drive the 5 operating mechanisms of the machine.

0 rying-frame, and one end of this rack is connected to the upper end of a lever which is fulcrumed to the main frame and. has its lower end acted on by a cam which operates to move the lever, so as to slide the 5 rack back and forth in a line at right angles to the vertical play or movement of the mandrel. The reciprocating mandrel carries a gear which is fixed thereon, and when the mandrel and cross-head thereon are elevated by the lifters on the disk of the driving-shaft, this gear meshes with the rack, which rack is then operated by the lever and cam so as to turn or rotate the gear and mandrel 011 their axes, the gear when it is disengaged from the rack and on the downstroke of the mandrel having one or more of its teeth fitted in a guide-groove on the carrying-fram e, which gear thus serves to prevent the mandrel from turning axially on its downstroke.

6c The device for impartinga downstroke to the mandrel and drill-rod after they have been lifted consists of a coiled-spring band which has one end attached to the carrying-frame 'and its other end attached to an axial shaft -6 5 which is journaled in the carrying-frame, and

this shaft has at one end an arm, to which is connected a link, the opposite end of said.

link being connected or pivoted to a rotating crank at a point some distance from its axis, whereby the link and arm serve to compress 7 the spring-band around its shaft when the cam-lifters operate to elevate the mandrel. To the mandrel is connected through the medium of the cross-head, which moves therewith, one end of a coiled spring, the other 7 end of which spring is connected to the end of the spring-band attached to the carryingframe, whereby when the mandrel is lifted the spring-band is contracted around its shaft and the coiled spring distended, so that when the mandrel is released from the lifters the tension of these two springs is at once relaxed to cause them to exert a strong pull on the mandrel and impart to the latter a powerful downstroke. The drill-rod is provided at intermediate points of its length with transverse apertures, in one of which fits a transverse key that impinges or bears against the lower end of the hollow or tubular mandrel to prevent the drill-rod from moving endwise in the mandrel under the shock or jar of the drill when it is violently impelled againstthe rock being drilled, and the drill-rod is clamped to the mandrel by means of one or more setscrews, so as to rotate or turn therewith. By means of the transverse apertures in the drillrod, the removable key, and the binding-screw the drill-rod can be adjusted longitudinally in the mandrel, without changing or adjusting any of the operative mechanisms of the machine, to adapt the drill to enter holes of different depths.

To enable others to more readily understand this invention, we will now proceed to a detailed description thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rock-drill constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a similar elevation taken from the opposite side of the machine. Fig. 3 is a de- I tail view of a part of the mandrel, the drillrod, and their adj unctive devices. Fig. 4 is a horizontal detail sectional view through a part of the main carrying-frame and the crosshead, showing the endwise-movable horizon- I tal bar and thefeeding-pawl in plan. Fig. 5 is a detail view, partly in side elevation and in section, to show the means for disengaging the feed-screw from the rack on the upright supporting-column; and Figs. 6 and 7 I are detail views in plan and horizontal section, respectively, of the cam for throwing the endless feed-screw into and out of gear with the rack on the supporting-column. Fig. 8 is a detail view in elevation showing the cam 29, the lever 28, and rack 27 for rotating the mandrel when the latter is elevated.

Like numerals of reference denote corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings, referring to which- 1 designates the base of the improved rockdrill, which can be fixed in any desired horizontal position on the surface of the ground or rock by means of feet 2, which are adjustably secured or clamped to the base by setstance, by a slotted segment and bindingscrew; but as the means for holding the column in position does not form an essential part of the present invention, itis not deemed necessary to illustrate the same in the accompanying drawings.

Upon this upright supporting-column is movabl y mounted a verti -cally-sliding carrying-frame 54, which consists, essentially, of two vertical bars 56 56, which are connected together by suitable transverse arms, the aligned bearings 54' 54, which fit and slide over the upright supporting-column 5, the hearings or guides 23 24, arranged on one side of the frame, in vertical alignment with each other, to receive the vertically-reciprocating drill-mandrel, and a vertical bar 42, which is arranged parallel with the bar 56 of the carrying-frame, and is detachably secured, as by bolts, to the aligned bearings 23 24 of the frame, as shown.

In the lower transverse arm of the carrying-frame, at a point between the bearings 54" and 23, is journaled or fitted an axiallyturning eccentric-sleeve 18, through which 7 passes the shank or stem of an endless feedscrew 7, so that said screw is carried by the eccentric-sleeve, and the position of which screw with relation to a rack 6 on the supporting-column 5 can be determined by the eccentric-sleeve. The eccentric-sleeve is normally held in such position that the feedscrew engages with the rack by means of a horizontal arm 19, that is secured to the lower face or end of the eccentric-sleeve, a vertically-movable lockinghandle, which is fitted in the outerend of the arm and is adapted to enter a slot or aperture 22in the lower transverse arm of the frame, as indicated in Fig. 5, said locking-handle being normally projected-or forced into said aperwithdraw the feed-screw from engagement with the rack 6, whereby the frame 54 can be adjusted or moved longitudinally on the upright supporting columin The feed-screw is automatically operated to move the carrying-frame a limited distance downward on the supporting-column at each reciprocating movement of the drill-rod and its mandrel, the mechanism for accomplishing which automatic movement of the carrying-frame being as follows: To the upper extremity of the stem or shank of the feed screw is secured a ratchet-wheel 8, (see Fig. 4,) with which ratchet engages a feedingpawl 9, that is pivoted to and carried by a horizontal endwise-movable bar 10, mounted so as to slide in aligned bearings or guides 10 on the bars 56 56' of the carrying frame.

This feeding-pawl is normally held in engagement with the ratchet-wheel by a spring 11, which is also fixed to the reciprocating bar 10, and when this bar is forced in one direction the pawl is drawn so as to turn the ratchet-wheel one tooth, and thus rotate the feed-screw for a limited distance, the feedingpawl engaging with the succeeding tooth of the ratchet when the horizontal bar 10 is returned to its normal position. This horizontal reciprocating bar is normally projected into the path of a trip 12 by means of a spring 11, and said trip 12 is carried by a re ciprocating cross-head 14, that moves vertically with the drill-mandrel 13, the end of the bar 10 being beveled to adapt the trip 12 to readily clear the same when the drill rod and mandrel descend.

The drill-rod 17 carries .a drill 30, of any preferred form, at its lower end, and said drillrod is arranged longitudinally within .and carried by a tubular mandrel 13, said drillrod being adjustable longitudinally within the mandrel. The drill-rod is clamped to the mandrel by means of a binding-screw 32, so as to rotate axially with the mandrel, and in order to prevent the drill-rod from moving longitudinally within the mandrel under the shock or jar of the blow of the drill which is forcibly impelled against the rock, a key 31 is provided, which is fitted in one of a series of transverse slots 33, formed at suitable intervals in the drill-rod, said key bearing or impinging against a collar 25 on the lower eX- tremity of the tubular mandrel. It is obvious thatthe drill-rod can be adjusted longitudinally within the hollow mandrel to adapt the drill-rod to enter holes of varying dlepths by removing the key 31 and releasing the clampingscrew 32, when said rod can be moved longitudinally within the mandrel and again secured thereto by again inserting the key in one of the slots 33 in the rod, so as to impinge against the end of the mandrel and turning the clamping screw against the rod.

The tubular mandrel 13 is fitted so as to slide freely in the aligned guides 23 24, and at intermediate points of its length it is provided with two fixed collars 45 46, which are spaced apart a suitable distance to receive between themselves the reciprocating crosshead 14. This cross-head has a central axial passage or bore (see Fig. 4) through which the tubular drill-mandrel passes, so that the cross-head is fitted loosely on the mandrel to adapt the latter to turn axially in said crosshead. The cross-head is limited to reciprocating movement longitudinally of the carrying-frame by means of flanges 14 15, which are arranged on opposite sides of the crosshead, (see Fig. 4,) said flanges being fitted in longitudinal guides or ways 15 43, formed in the opposing faces of the bars 50 and 42 of the carrying-frame, the guides or Ways being formed either bygrooVe's in ,the bars or by cleats or fiangestliereon, the upper extremities of theffianges which formthe guide or Way43on t-hebar 42 terminating at points alsuitable distance belowtho upper guide 2t fthe drill-mandrel,sothat a gear-livheel 26 on said mandrel can turn on its aniswithout interferencefrom the guide or way 43 when saidmandrel is elevated, as will more fully .ap a ip es fly 'llhe mechanism forlifting the mandrel and the drill-rod carried ,bythemandre1 Wl ll now be described. To the reciprocating Grosshead is attached the lower endof a vertical bar or rod 30, ,the upper extremity of which i ifi teden l uid fl in .fi e 9 1 (in the car ying me; an [-llsaid vertical b and .130 ear-mes tw tictibnrr l ers 40 ..4= .s h'i e e ld j e y J Qu aled .Q' edit l pi aha -fix d t 'f he 9 e A i these friction rollers impinge ,thecurved surfacesof the-lifters 38 3 9, whichlarearranged n b l w t e 0th and a Qar ie y a single rotary disk 47-,Yivhigh is common to :both litte i Thisvdisk 4 7 is fixed to one end of a rotary dri i -sha 1 7 tha i r j ly' iiinrn le mat r .56 of the ctrryihg-fiamdtlie opposite 1 end of jvhich sliaft dairies a fly, o1: bal- 'anc,e, whee136. The drivingsl1aft37is driven m -l 9W6 E$ f r J i ie n \Q in meshil g-gears 34t,35,fi ed to the power and i in fs a t t i s ediv ly dw a ro shaft is ,jonrnaledontl e bar 56 of the carry- .ing-frama and has a crank 34", bywhich the shaft can be conveniently rotated byhand. .It is obvious thatwhenrthe crankis turned the two shafts and the cam 47 are rotated, and v that the lifters impinge against the friction-rollers to raise the 'rod'or bar I-BOhthe cross;he ad,and the drill-mandrel.

:In order to adapt the lifters 38 39 of the rotary driving-shaft 37 tollift theireciprocating mandrel a sufficient distance and cause theipinionQG on said mandrel to clear the longitudinal guide 413 of the carrying-frame,

said lifters 38139 arearranged radiallywith relation to the shaft 37, so that thelifters stand at differentangles to the shaft, and are adapted to successively engage or contact Willll;thQfL'iQt'lOHrI'OlIQPS 4:0 4:1; Ilhus, the lifter 39 first engages'with the friction-rollertt) to elevate the cross-head and, mandrel a part of theupward movement, and before the lifter 3i9 passes the friction-roller atO thelifter 38 engages the roller 41 and operates to elevate the cross-head and mandrel to thelimit of their upward movement, as will be readily understood.

The drill-mandrel is provided with a gearwheel 26, one or more teeth of which'fit in the guide 43 of the bar t2 when ,the mandrel is lowered and during the downstroke of the rmandrel, in order to adapt the gear-wheel and guide to hold the mandrel against rotation when moving longitudinally in the frame,

' and when the mandrel is elevated to its high estpoint the gear-wheel is disengaged from the guide 43, and the mandrel is turned ax- .iallya limited distancein order to adj ustor rotate the drill 30 on the drillrod. This axial rotation of the mandrelis accomplished by a slidingor'ihorizontally-movable rack 27,

which is guided in a guide 29 on thebar '56 of theframe, one end of said rack being pivotally connected to the upper endof a vertically-disposed lever28, whichislfulcrumed near its lower end, as at ESQ to said frame,

thelower ,emdofthe lever being operatedon a cam 29, fixed to the driving-shaft 37.

As the mandrellis elevated by the lifters the @11129 operates to adjust therack, so that one end thereof engages with the pinion 26 Q' t 'me d e e itreach si shi hestr andthepinionistdiseng aged from the guide and whilethe mandrel is in its' elevated fpositionandbefore lifters are released therefrom the cam 2listurnedto move the rack endwise which operatestoturn the pinion 26 and the drilhniandrehbefore the mandr isforci ly impelle d wnwar the ,Pi

ion a ai enga n With th vguide 43 when the mandrel descends.

The drill-mandrel, rod,.and drill areforciiblyi'mpelled downwardby means ofaspringband 51 and acoiledspring 52. fl hespringband has one endflthereof attached to the im (se i a th h e is secnredto' an aziial' shaft 51", Whic h is suitably journaled [in the lower end of the frame,

and oneend of this shaft carries a rotating farm ,50, h'aving a projecting pin ,4 9, which fits ,i'n'a. socket in the lower end of a link 48, the

opposite end of which link is ,pivotally connected tothe rotary cam 4J1 at a point some distance from the axis thereof. One end of the coiled spring 52 is connected to the spring-band near its point of attachment to the frame, and the opposite end of said coiled spring is attached to an arm 52 on the reciproc atin g cross-head l t. When the reciprocating mandrel 13 and cross-head 1 4: are ele-' vated by theliftersfthe coiled' sprin'g is distended, and during the elevation of the mandrel the shaft 51" of the spring-band is rotated by its connoction with the'cam 47, so as to compress said spring around the shaft,

whereby when the mandrel is released from departing from the spirit or sacrificing the advantages thereof and we would therefore have it understood that we do hold ourselves to make such modifications as fairly fall within the scope of the invention.

Having thus fully described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is

. 1. In a rock-drill, the combination of a carrying-frame having the longitudinal guides or ways, a reciprocating mandrel carrying a gear-pinion which is fitted in the longitudinal guides to hold said mandrel against axial rotation during a part of its reciprocating movement, a cross-head carried by the mandrel, lifters which act against devices on thecrosshead to elevate the same, asliding horizontal rack adapted to gear with said pinion on the mandrel, and means for operating the rack, substantially described.

2. In a rock-drill, the combination of an upright colum n, a carrying-fra me mounted thereon and having a reciprocating drill-mandrel, a feed-screw journaled in said frame to gear with a rack on the upright column and having a ratchet secured to its upper extremity, an endWise-movable bar supported in a horizontal position on guides of the frame and arranged to move inaline substantially at right angles to the vertically-reciprocating mandrel, aspring for normally projecting one end of said bar into the path of a part onsaid vertically-reciprocating mandrel, and a feedingpawl carried by the reciprocating bar and engaging With the ratchet of the feed-screw, substantially as described.

In arock-drill, the combination of a supporting-0011111111, a carrying-frame having a drill-mandrel, a feed-screw adapted to gear with a rack on the column and carrying a a ratchet-wheel, an endwise-movable bar arwhich carries the feed-screw, and means for adjustingand locking the eccentric-sleeve, substantially as describech 4;. In a rock-drill, a tubular reciprocating mandrel, a drill-rod arranged longitudinally Wltlllll the mandrel and provided with a tran sverse key arranged to normally bear against one end of the mandrel, and means for rigidly clamping the drill-rod to the mandrel, whereby the transverse key serves to prevent endwise displacement of the drill-rod in the mandrel under the impact or shock of the drill, as set forth.

5. In a rock-drill, a tubular reciprocating mandrel, a transversely-slotted drill-rod ad- 3' ustable longitudinally within said mandrel, a bindingscrew for clamping the drill-rod to the mandrel, and a removable key which fits in one of the series of transverse slots in the drill-rod and bears against one end of the mandrel, substantially as described, for the purpose set forth.

6. In a rock-drill, the combination of a carrying-fra me, a reciprocating mandrel, a crosshead fitted loosely on the mandrel, so as to move therewith, and guided by longitudinal ways on the frame, the rotary shaft having the lifters for raising the cross-head and mandrel,a spring-band mounted on an axial shaft which is driven through intermediate connections with the cam, and a coiled spring connected to the spring band and the reciproeating cross-head, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands this 16th day of May, A. D. 1889.

OATHARINE MARIA DI'lTMAN, HENRY DITTMAN,

Administrators of said Joseph F. Ditzrmrm,

deceased. Witnesses:

A. O. JOHNSTON, O. S. JOHNSTON. 

